Comparative Study for Selective Lithium Recovery via Chemical Transformations during Incineration and Dynamic Pyrolysis of EV Li-Ion Batteries
Srija Balachandran,
Kerstin Forsberg,
Tom Lemaître,
Nathália Vieceli,
Gabriele Lombardo,
Martina Petranikova
Affiliations
Srija Balachandran
Department of Chemical Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden
Kerstin Forsberg
Department of Chemical Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden
Tom Lemaître
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Industrial Materials Recycling and Nuclear Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
Nathália Vieceli
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Industrial Materials Recycling and Nuclear Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
Gabriele Lombardo
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Industrial Materials Recycling and Nuclear Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
Martina Petranikova
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Industrial Materials Recycling and Nuclear Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
Selective leaching of Li from spent LIBs thermally pretreated by pyrolysis and incineration between 400 and 700 °C for 30, 60, and 90 min followed by water leaching at high temperature and high L/S ratio was examined. During the thermal pretreatment Li2CO3 and LiF were leached. Along with Li salts, AlF3 was also found to be leached with an efficiency not higher than 3.5%. The time of thermal pretreatment did not have a significant effect on Li leaching efficiency. The leaching efficiency of Li was higher with a higher L/S ratio. At a higher leaching temperature (80 °C), the leaching of Li was higher due to an increase in the solubility of present Li salts. The highest Li leaching efficiency of nearly 60% was observed from the sample pyrolyzed at 700 °C for 60 min under the leaching condition L/S ratio of 20:1 mL g−1 at 80 °C for 3 h. Furthermore, the use of an excess of 10% of carbon in a form of graphite during the thermal treatment did not improve the leaching efficiency of Li.
