مجلة اداب ذي قار (Dec 2022)
US efforts to evacuate its citizens from Europe During World War II 1939-1944 (documentary study
Abstract
With the emergence of signs of the outbreak of World War II, the United States of America began a policy to warn its citizens against the expansion of that war throughout Europe, especially in Britain and France, the two countries in which American nationals are most present, as well as being the two countries most exposed to war by Germany, so the US government was At first, a warning policy, but with the development of events in 1939, it issued the March statement, which included the conditions for evacuating nationals from European countries months before the outbreak of the war, and stipulated the terms of transportation from European countries to the United States of America. The United States was distinguished in its evacuation policy, after issuing a statement Issuing the March 1939 statement, US President Roosevelt took an appeal to Germany and Italy via oral messages through conferences he held in his country with the aim of conveying his country’s voice to the warring countries to end that war before it expanded. From Europe, and in fact, the years 1939-1941 witnessed extensive measures to facilitate the transfer of nationals With the entry of the United States into the war on the side of the Allies, it adopted a strict policy towards Germany and Italy, which refused to facilitate the task of transferring their nationals from the occupied lands and detained them. Therefore, the American government rushed to block the German and Italian nationals present on its lands until the task of transferring its nationals was facilitated by the German and Italian governments. The Swiss government made these cases follow up on behalf of the US government, which withdrew its ambassadors from Europe because of the war, and as soon as the war ended, the United States had transferred most of its citizens except for those who refused to return to the country.
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