Frontiers in Endocrinology (Sep 2023)

Vitamin B12, folate, and homocysteine in metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis

  • Juan R. Ulloque-Badaracco,
  • Enrique A. Hernandez-Bustamante,
  • Enrique A. Hernandez-Bustamante,
  • Esteban A. Alarcon-Braga,
  • Ali Al-kassab-Córdova,
  • Juan C. Cabrera-Guzmán,
  • Percy Herrera-Añazco,
  • Percy Herrera-Añazco,
  • Vicente A. Benites-Zapata

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2023.1221259
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 14

Abstract

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Background & aimsMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with life-threatening conditions. Several studies have reported an association of vitamin B12, folic acid, or homocysteine (Hcy) levels with MetS. This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the association of vitamin B12, folic acid, and Hcy levels with MetS.MethodsPubMed, Scopus, Embase, Ovid/Medline, and Web of Science were searched up to February 13, 2023. Cross-sectional, case-control, or cohort studies were included. A random-effects model was performed using the DerSimonian and Laird method to estimate the between-study variance. Effect measures were expressed as odds ratios (OR) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Between-study heterogeneity was evaluated using Cochran’s Q test and the I2 statistic.ResultsSixty-six articles (n = 87,988 patients) were included. Higher vitamin B12 levels were inversely associated with MetS (OR = 0.87; 95% CI: 0.81–0.93; p < 0.01; I2 = 90%). Higher Hcy levels were associated with MetS (OR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.14–1.24; p < 0.01; I2 = 90%). Folate levels were not associated with MetS (OR = 0.83; 95% CI: 0.66–1.03; p = 0.09; I2 = 90%).ConclusionHigher vitamin B12 levels were inversely associated with MetS, whereas higher Hcy levels were associated with MetS. Studies assessing the pathways underlying this association are required.

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