Sensitization to aeroallergens in patients with allergic rhinitis in Aguascalientes, Mexico

Abstract

Background: Allergic rhinitis is the most common allergic disease worldwide and it is caused by a reaction of hypersensitivity to aeroallergens. To our knowledge, there aren’t any previous studies of aeroallergenic sensitization in Aguascalientes, Mexico. Objective: To describe the sensitization to aeroallergens in patients with allergic rhinitis who have been treated at a private clinic in Aguascalientes, Mexico. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study was done in which patients diagnosed with allergic rhinitis were included. Skin prick tests with 32 allergenic extracts were carried out and the frequencies at each were determined. Results: In total, 350 patients were analyzed. The most frequent aeroallergens were grass pollens (74.8%), followed by tree pollens (64.8%) and dust mites Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (64%). The group of patients under 20 years of age was predominant (67.1%), followed by the group of 21 to 40 years old (22.5%). Conclusion: This research provides information about regional patterns of sensitization, which shall facilitate diagnostic tests in the region and the best practices of specific immunotherapy.

Keywords

• rinitis alérgica
• sensibilización alérgica
• ácaros del polvo
• prueba de punción cutánea
• pólenes de pastos
• pólenes de árboles