Extended perfusion protocol for MS lesion quantification
Kontopodis Eleftherios,
Marias Kostas,
Manikis Georgios C.,
Nikiforaki Katerina,
Venianaki Maria,
Maris Thomas G.,
Mastorodemos Vasileios,
Papadakis Georgios Z.,
Papadaki Efrosini
Affiliations
Kontopodis Eleftherios
Foundation for Research and Technology – Hellas, Institute of Computer Science, Computational Bio-Medicine Laboratory, N. Plastira 100, Vassilika Vouton, GR-700 13 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
Marias Kostas
Technological Educational Institute of Crete, Department of Informatics Engineering, Heraklion, Crete, Estavromenos, TK 71410, Greece
Manikis Georgios C.
Foundation for Research and Technology – Hellas, Institute of Computer Science, Computational Bio-Medicine Laboratory, N. Plastira 100, Vassilika Vouton, GR-700 13 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
Nikiforaki Katerina
Foundation for Research and Technology – Hellas, Institute of Computer Science, Computational Bio-Medicine Laboratory, N. Plastira 100, Vassilika Vouton, GR-700 13 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
Venianaki Maria
Science and Technology Park of Crete, Gnosis Data Analysis, N. Plastira 100, Vassilika Vouton, GR-700 13, Heraklion, Greece
Maris Thomas G.
Foundation for Research and Technology – Hellas, Institute of Computer Science, Computational Bio-Medicine Laboratory, N. Plastira 100, Vassilika Vouton, GR-700 13 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
Mastorodemos Vasileios
Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Crete, P. O. Box 2208, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
Papadakis Georgios Z.
Foundation for Research and Technology – Hellas, Institute of Computer Science, Computational Bio-Medicine Laboratory, N. Plastira 100, Vassilika Vouton, GR-700 13 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
Papadaki Efrosini
Foundation for Research and Technology – Hellas, Institute of Computer Science, Computational Bio-Medicine Laboratory, N. Plastira 100, Vassilika Vouton, GR-700 13 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
This study aims to examine a time-extended dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) protocol and report a comparative study with three different pharmacokinetic (PK) models, for accurate determination of subtle blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). This time-extended DCE-MRI perfusion protocol, called Snaps, was applied on 24 active demyelinating lesions of 12 MS patients. Statistical analysis was performed for both protocols through three different PK models. The Snaps protocol achieved triple the window time of perfusion observation by extending the magnetic resonance acquisition time by less than 2 min on average for all patients. In addition, the statistical analysis in terms of adj-R2 goodness of fit demonstrated that the Snaps protocol outperformed the conventional DCE-MRI protocol by detecting 49% more pixels on average. The exclusive pixels identified from the Snaps protocol lie in the low ktrans range, potentially reflecting areas with subtle BBB disruption. Finally, the extended Tofts model was found to have the highest fitting accuracy for both analyzed protocols. The previously proposed time-extended DCE protocol, called Snaps, provides additional temporal perfusion information at the expense of a minimal extension of the conventional DCE acquisition time.
