Frontiers in Immunology (May 2021)

Intra-Abdominal Lipopolysaccharide Clearance and Inactivation in Peritonitis: Key Roles for Lipoproteins and the Phospholipid Transfer Protein

  • Maxime Nguyen,
  • Maxime Nguyen,
  • Maxime Nguyen,
  • Maxime Nguyen,
  • Gaëtan Pallot,
  • Gaëtan Pallot,
  • Antoine Jalil,
  • Antoine Jalil,
  • Annabelle Tavernier,
  • Annabelle Tavernier,
  • Aloïs Dusuel,
  • Aloïs Dusuel,
  • Naig Le Guern,
  • Naig Le Guern,
  • Laurent Lagrost,
  • Laurent Lagrost,
  • Laurent Lagrost,
  • Jean-Paul Pais de Barros,
  • Jean-Paul Pais de Barros,
  • Hélène Choubley,
  • Hélène Choubley,
  • Victoria Bergas,
  • Victoria Bergas,
  • Pierre-Grégoire Guinot,
  • Pierre-Grégoire Guinot,
  • Pierre-Grégoire Guinot,
  • Pierre-Grégoire Guinot,
  • David Masson,
  • David Masson,
  • David Masson,
  • David Masson,
  • Belaid Bouhemad,
  • Belaid Bouhemad,
  • Belaid Bouhemad,
  • Belaid Bouhemad,
  • Thomas Gautier,
  • Thomas Gautier,
  • Thomas Gautier

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.622935
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 12

Abstract

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IntroductionDuring peritonitis, lipopolysaccharides (LPS) cross the peritoneum and pass through the liver before reaching the central compartment. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of lipoproteins and phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) in the early stages of LPS detoxification.Material and MethodsPeritonitis was induced by intra-peritoneal injection of LPS in mice. We analyzed peritoneal fluid, portal and central blood. Lipoprotein fractions were obtained by ultracentrifugation and fast protein liquid chromatography. LPS concentration and activity were measured by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and limulus amoebocyte lysate. Wild-type mice were compared to mice knocked out for PLTP.ResultsIn mice expressing PLTP, LPS was able to bind to HDL in the peritoneal compartment, and this was maintained in plasma from portal and central blood. A hepatic first-pass effect of HDL-bound LPS was observed in wild-type mice. LPS binding to HDL resulted in an early arrival of inactive LPS in the central blood of wild-type mice.ConclusionPLTP promotes LPS peritoneal clearance and neutralization in a model of peritonitis. This mechanism involves the early binding of LPS to lipoproteins inside the peritoneal cavity, which promotes LPS translocation through the peritoneum and its uptake by the liver.

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