Studying the dynamics of cell content depending on localization in the dermis after local cold injury in rats with metabolic syndrome

Abstract

Background. The research on the regeneration of dermis layers components during thermal damage is carried out all over the world, since recovery takes a long time. With frostbite, cell death occurs due to the formation of ice crystals. An important issue in understanding the repair process is the localization and time of accumulation of fibroblasts, which synthesize and secrete components of the extracellular matrix. It is of interest to study the mechanisms of the reparative process under conditions of metabolic syndrome. The purpose of the research is to study the dynamics of cellular structures that migrate to the damaged area after local frostbite of the skin in laboratory rats with metabolic syndrome. Materials and methods. The research was carried out on white outbred rats in which obesity was induced. After establishing the presence of metabolic syndrome, local cold damage was reproduced by dividing them into groups of 5 animals. After slaughter on the 3rd, 7th, 14th and 21st days, the damaged skin and the periphery were analyzed using conventional histological methods, and the number of cells in the zones of the papillary, reticular dermis and at the border of the reticular dermis and hypodermis was also counted. Results. In laboratory rats with metabolic syndrome, a local cold injury of the 3rd degree was modeled, damaged skin and areas located in close proximity to them were examined for the presence of cellular structures. The dynamics was revealed throughout the entire observation period. Conclusions. In the course of the experiment, it was noted that in the period from 3 to 7 days, an increase in cell accumulations occurs in the zone of the damaged and undamaged skin area located next to the lesion focus. Mostly, cells are concentrated precisely on the border of the reticular dermis and hypodermis, where the main formation of collagen and the concentration of cell clusters take place. It can be assumed that the period of time of the formation of cell clusters and the production of collagen directly in intact skin falls on days 3–7.

Keywords

• local cold injury
• metabolic syndrome
• dermal cells
• recovery