EXPERIÊNCIAS INTERNACIONAIS NO USO DAS TRANSFERÊNCIAS FISCAIS ECOLÓGICAS PARA A CONSERVAÇÃO DA BIODIVERSIDADE

Abstract

In the early 1990s, Brazil was the first country to adopt models of fiscal trans- fers through the introduction of ecological indicators (RING, 2008a). Following the Brazilian experience, Portugal (SANTOS et al., 2012) and France (BO- RIE et al., 2014; SCHRÖTER-SCHLAACK et al., 2014) also adopted similar models of fiscal transfers. Other countries such as Germany (RING, 2008b; SCHRÖTER-SCHLAACK et al., 2014), Switzerland (KÖLLNER; SCHEL- SKE; SEIDL, 2002), and Poland (SCHRÖTER-SCHLAACK et al., 2014) al- ready have proposals for ecological fiscal transfers (EFTs) either theoretically simulated or already in the political process. Based on this background, this paper seeks to review the current literature on EFT and present similarities and differences between the experiences in these three countries. The main contri- bution of this study is to present the state-of-the-art international literature on this topic, focusing on protected areas for biodiversity conservation.

Keywords

• ecological fiscal transfers
• biodiversity conservation policies
• portugal
• brazil
• and france