Metrological Qualification of PD Analysers for Insulation Diagnosis of HVDC and HVAC Grids
Fernando Garnacho,
Fernando Álvarez,
Alf-Peter Elg,
Christian Mier,
Kari Lahti,
Abderrahim Khamlichi,
Eduardo Arcones,
Joni Klüss,
Armando Rodrigo Mor,
Pertti Pakonen,
José Ramón Vidal,
Álvaro Camuñas,
Jorge Rovira,
Carlos Vera,
Miran Haider
Affiliations
Fernando Garnacho
Fundación para el Fomento de la Innovación Industrial, FFII-LCOE, Eric Kandel Street 1, Getafe, 28906 Madrid, Spain
Fernando Álvarez
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Automatic Control and Applied Physics, School of Industrial Design and Engineering (ETSIDI), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Ronda de Valencia 3, 28012 Madrid, Spain
Alf-Peter Elg
RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, 501 15 Borås, Sweden
Christian Mier
Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 4, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands
Kari Lahti
Department of Electrical Engineering, Tampere University (TAU), Korkeakoulunkatu 3, 33720 Tampere, Finland
Abderrahim Khamlichi
Fundación para el Fomento de la Innovación Industrial, FFII-LCOE, Eric Kandel Street 1, Getafe, 28906 Madrid, Spain
Eduardo Arcones
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Automatic Control and Applied Physics, School of Industrial Design and Engineering (ETSIDI), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Ronda de Valencia 3, 28012 Madrid, Spain
Joni Klüss
RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, 501 15 Borås, Sweden
Armando Rodrigo Mor
Instituto de Tecnología Eléctrica, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
Pertti Pakonen
Department of Electrical Engineering, Tampere University (TAU), Korkeakoulunkatu 3, 33720 Tampere, Finland
José Ramón Vidal
Fundación para el Fomento de la Innovación Industrial, FFII-LCOE, Eric Kandel Street 1, Getafe, 28906 Madrid, Spain
Álvaro Camuñas
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Automatic Control and Applied Physics, School of Industrial Design and Engineering (ETSIDI), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Ronda de Valencia 3, 28012 Madrid, Spain
Jorge Rovira
Fundación para el Fomento de la Innovación Industrial, FFII-LCOE, Eric Kandel Street 1, Getafe, 28906 Madrid, Spain
Carlos Vera
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Automatic Control and Applied Physics, School of Industrial Design and Engineering (ETSIDI), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Ronda de Valencia 3, 28012 Madrid, Spain
Miran Haider
RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, 501 15 Borås, Sweden
On-site partial discharge (PD) measurements have turned out to be a very efficient technique for determining the insulation condition in high-voltage electrical grids (AIS, cable systems, GIS, HVDC converters, etc.); however, there is not any standardised procedure for determining the performances of PD measuring systems. In on-line and on-site PD measurements, high-frequency current transformers (HFCTs) are commonly used as sensors as they allow for monitoring over long distances in high-voltage installations. To ensure the required performances, a metrological qualification of the PD analysers by applying an evaluation procedure is necessary. A novel evaluation procedure was established to specify the quantities to be measured (electrical charge and PD repetition rate) and to describe the evaluation tests considering the measured influence parameters: noise, charge amplitude, pulse width and time interval between consecutive pulses. This procedure was applied to different types of PD analysers used for off-line measurements, sporadic on-line measurements and continuous PD monitoring. The procedure was validated in a round-robin test involving two metrological institutes (RISE from Sweden and FFII from Spain) and three universities (TUDelft from the Netherlands, TAU from Finland and UPM from Spain). With this round-robin test, the effectiveness of the proposed qualification procedure for discriminating between efficient and inappropriate PD analysers was demonstrated. Furthermore, it was shown that the PD charge quantity can be properly determined for on-line measurements and continuous monitoring by integrating the pulse signals acquired with HFCT sensors. In this case, these sensors must have a flat frequency spectrum in the range between several tens of kHz and at least two tens of MHz, where the frequency pulse content is more significant. The proposed qualification procedure can be useful for improving the future versions of the technical specification TS IEC 62478 and the standard IEC 60270.
