URINARY INFECTIONS IN SPECIAL SITUATIONS: KIDNEY TRANSPLANT AND DIALYSIS

Abstract

Patients on hemodialysis often have more urinary tract infections (UTIs) due to immunosuppression, lack of germ removal, presence of lithiasis, neurogenic bladder, abnormalities in the urinary tract, use of intravenous catheters and urinary catheters. The antibiotics used in the treatment of UTIs in the general population can be used in hemodialysis patients with the corresponding adjustment of dose. UTI is the most common bacterial infection in kidney transplant recipients due to factors such as immunosuppressive therapy, UTIs prior to transplantation, vesicoureteral reflux, polycystic kidney disease, diabetes, prolonged use of urinary catheters, delay in graft function, episodes of acute rejection, recurrent asymptomatic bacteriuria and lack of antibiotic prophylaxis. They occur mainly in the immediate post-surgery period and the first months after transplant. The recurrence of UTIs or AB episodes can trigger acute rejection.

Keywords

• insuficiencia renal crónica
• piuria
• hemodiálisis
• nefropatía
• trasplante renal
• vejiga neurogénica