Progress in Catalytic Asymmetric Reactions with 7-Azaindoline as the Directing Group

Abstract

α-Substituted-7-azaindoline amides and α,β-unsaturated 7-azaindoline amides have emerged as new versatile synthons for various metal-catalyzed and organic-catalyzed asymmetric reactions, which have attracted much attention from chemists. In this review, the progress of research on 7-azaindoline amides in the asymmetric aldol reaction, the Mannich reaction, the conjugate addition, the 1,3-dipole cycloaddition, the Michael/aldol cascade reaction, aminomethylation and the Michael addition-initiated ring-closure reaction is discussed. The α-substituted-7-azaindoline amides, as nucleophiles, are classified according to the type of α-substituted group, whereas the α,β-unsaturated 7-azaindoline amides, as electrophiles, are classified according to the type of reaction.

Keywords

• 7-azaindoline amides
• directing group
• asymmetric synthesis
• enolization chemistry
• metal catalysis
• organocatalysis