مجله علوم پزشکی فیض (پیوسته) (Jun 2024)
The effect of eight weeks of aerobic training on GLUT4 and AS160 protein levels and insulin resistance in the EDL muscle of type 2 diabetic rats
Abstract
Background and Aim: One of the most significant complications of type 2 diabetes is the disruption of glucose transport mechanisms in cell membranes, with GLUT4 and AS160 proteins playing crucial roles in this process. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of aerobic exercise on GLUT4 and AS160 protein levels, as well as insulin resistance, in the EDL muscle of type 2 diabetic rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 30 adult male rats were randomly assigned to three groups: healthy control, type 2 diabetes, and type 2 diabetes with aerobic exercise. Type 2 diabetes was induced through a high-fat diet combined with intraperitoneal injections of streptozotocin and nicotinamide. The aerobic training regimen consisted of five treadmill sessions per week for eight weeks. EDL muscle samples were collected 48 hours after the final training session.The levels of GLUT4 and AS160 proteins and insulin levels were measured using the ELISA method and insulin resistance was also calculated by HOMA-IR method. Results: The levels of GLUT4 and AS160 were significantly decreased in the diabetic group (P=0.001). Aerobic exercise significantly increased the levels of both GLUT4 and AS160 (P=0.01). AS160 levels in the control group were significantly higher than those in the diabetes + aerobic exercise group (P=0.001); however, there was no significant difference in GLUT4 levels between the control and diabetes + aerobic exercise groups (P=0.59). A significant positive correlation was observed between GLUT4 and AS160 (r=0.734, P=0.001), while significant negative correlations were found between both GLUT4 and AS160 with blood glucose levels (r=-0.751, P=0.001 and r=-0.955, P=0.001, respectively). Furthermore, insulin levels and insulin resistance in the diabetes + aerobic exercise group were significantly lower than those in the type 2 diabetes group (P=0.001). Conclusion: Aerobic exercise alleviates hyperglycemia and enhances AS160 and GLUT4 protein levels in the EDL muscle. These findings suggest that aerobic exercise may help compensate for the impaired glucose transport mechanisms associated with type 2 diabetes in the EDL muscle of rats.
