Evaluation of Acute and Subacute Toxicity of Coriander Triphala Tablet in Wistar Rats

Abstract

Background and objectives: This study evaluated the acute and subacute toxicity of the Coriander Triphala tablet (CTT) in Wistar rats. Methods: The CTT was prepared according to the method described in our previous work. In the acute toxicity study, five female Wistar rats received 2000 mg/kg CTT and five female rats were administered distilled water as control. In the subacute test, sixty male and female rats were randomly divided into six groups. Three groups received 200, 500, and 1000 mg/kg of the tablet; the satellite group was treated with 1000 mg/kg of CTT, and controls received distilled water for 28 days. Body weights and food and water intake of rats were recorded. Toxicity signs were recorded and hematological, biochemical, and histopathological analyses were performed. Results: No remarkable toxic effect of the tablet was observed in the rats after receiving a single dose of 2000 mg/kg. This indicated that the median lethal dose (LD50) was more than 2000 mg/kg. In the subacute toxicity study, different doses of CTT didn’t change hematological parameters. However, the tablet increased the levels of cholesterol, creatinine, and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in males and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and AST in females at high doses. Histopathological evaluation of liver samples from both sexes showed congestion and hydropic degeneration of hepatocytes. Renal histopathology revealed varying degrees of tubular cell necrosis. Conclusion: Our data indicated the toxic effects of CTT on the liver and kidney, suggesting the need for special precautions in administration of this medication to the patients.

Keywords

• acute toxicity
• coriander triphala
• iranian traditional medicine
• rat
• subacute toxicity