Influence of different cultivation factors on the yield structure and on changes of soil properties

Abstract

The monitoring was carried on in the years 1996-2000 in the polyfactorial P-A field trial in Lukavec, Pelhřimov district. The given locality is characterized by low fertility sandy-loamy cambisoils, by long-term average annual rainfall of 653 mm, by average annual temperature of 7°C and its altitude is 620 m. The field trial included different organic fertilizations; graduate N-doses, different soil tillage as well as different forecrops. It manifested in this group of field trials that the forecrop value of red clover and dung manured potatoes before winter wheat was practically the same in the given locality. The optimal N dose for potato yields was about 80 kg N.ha-1. In oats the yields after red clover with using the Horsch system in spring were significantly lower than after embedding of red clover in autumn. In cereals, graduated N doses increased the numbers of ears (panicles) per m2, but the mass of 1000 grains often decreased. In addition, N content in grain and straw increased with N doses, while pH annually decreased by 0.1 to 0.4.

Keywords

• winter wheat
• winter barley
• oats
• potatoes
• different organic fertilization
• graduated n doses
• structure and quality of yields
• crop and soil analyses