Prevalence Study of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase in Klebsiella Pneumonia Isolated from Patients with Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Kermanshah City, Iran

Abstract

Background: One of the most common infections in patients with high mortality rate is ventilator-dependent pneumonia. This study aimed to determine the frequency of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) in Klebsiella pneumonia isolated from patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia in Kermanshah City, Iran. Methods: This study performed on tracheal tube samples of patients admitted to the intensive care units. After collecting specimens, 57 Klebsiella pneumonia isolates were confirmed via standard bacteriological and biochemical tests. After antibiotic susceptibility testing by using disk diffusion method, the presence of ESBL phenotype was determined via combined disk test. The frequency of ESBL genes was determined by using their specific primers and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Findings: From 57 isolates of Klebsiella pneumonia, 22 (38.6%) were positive for ESBL, phenotypically. The highest genotype frequency was shv gene (31.6%) determined via PCR test. The highest resistance was to ceftriaxone and co-trimoxazole (78.9%), and the lowest resistance was to colistin (3.5%). Conclusion: Considering the high resistance of Klebsiella isolated from samples of patients with ventilator- associated pneumonia against third-generation cephalosporin and the prevalence of ESBL-producing strains among these patients, identification of isolates with ESBL and suitable antibiotic selection for the treatment of this patients seem to be necessary.

Keywords

• Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia
• Antibacterial drug resistance
• Intensive care unit