Energies (Feb 2023)

An Automated and Interpretable Machine Learning Scheme for Power System Transient Stability Assessment

  • Fang Liu,
  • Xiaodi Wang,
  • Ting Li,
  • Mingzeng Huang,
  • Tao Hu,
  • Yunfeng Wen,
  • Yunche Su

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/en16041956
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 16, no. 4
p. 1956

Abstract

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Many repeated manual feature adjustments and much heuristic parameter tuning are required during the debugging of machine learning (ML)-based transient stability assessment (TSA) of power systems. Furthermore, the results produced by ML-based TSA are often not explainable. This paper handles both the automation and interpretability issues of ML-based TSA. An automated machine learning (AutoML) scheme is proposed which consists of auto-feature selection, CatBoost, Bayesian optimization, and performance evaluation. CatBoost, as a new ensemble ML method, is implemented to achieve fast, scalable, and high performance for online TSA. To enable faster deployment and reduce the heavy dependence on human expertise, auto-feature selection and Bayesian optimization, respectively, are introduced to automatically determine the best input features and optimal hyperparameters. Furthermore, to help operators understand the prediction of stable/unstable TSA, an interpretability analysis based on the Shapley additive explanation (SHAP), is embedded into both offline and online phases of the AutoML framework. Test results on IEEE 39-bus system, IEEE 118-bus system, and a practical large-scale power system, demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves more accurate and certain appropriate trust solutions while saving a substantial amount of time in comparison to other methods.

Keywords