Globalization and Health (Jul 2023)

Metabolic syndrome criteria and severity and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in an adult population

  • Silvia García,
  • Rosario Pastor,
  • Margalida Monserrat-Mesquida,
  • Laura Álvarez-Álvarez,
  • María Rubín-García,
  • Miguel Ángel Martínez-González,
  • Jordi Salas-Salvadó,
  • Dolores Corella,
  • Albert Goday,
  • J. Alfredo Martínez,
  • Ángel M. Alonso-Gómez,
  • Julia Wärnberg,
  • Jesús Vioque,
  • Dora Romaguera,
  • José Lopez-Miranda,
  • Ramon Estruch,
  • Francisco J. Tinahones,
  • José Lapetra,
  • Lluís Serra-Majem,
  • Blanca Riquelme-Gallego,
  • Xavier Pintó,
  • José J. Gaforio,
  • Pilar Matía,
  • Josep Vidal,
  • Clotilde Vázquez,
  • Lidia Daimiel,
  • Emilio Ros,
  • Carmen Sayón-Orea,
  • Patricia Guillem-Saiz,
  • Cristina Valle-Hita,
  • Robert Cabanes,
  • Itziar Abete,
  • Leire Goicolea-Güemez,
  • Enrique Gómez-Gracia,
  • Cristina Tercero-Maciá,
  • Antoni Colom,
  • Antonio García-Ríos,
  • Sara Castro-Barquero,
  • José C. Fernández-García,
  • José Manuel Santos-Lozano,
  • Juan Carlos Cenoz,
  • Rocío Barragán,
  • Nadine Khoury,
  • Olga Castañer,
  • María Ángeles Zulet,
  • Jessica Vaquero-Luna,
  • Maira Bes-Rastrollo,
  • Sara de las Heras-Delgado,
  • Ramon Ciurana,
  • Vicente Martín-Sánchez,
  • Josep A. Tur,
  • Cristina Bouzas

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-023-00948-3
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 19, no. 1
pp. 1 – 11

Abstract

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Abstract Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has become a growing risk factor of some non-communicable diseases. Increase of greenhouse gas emissions affects the planet. Aims To assess the association between MetS severity and amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted in an adult population. Design Cross-sectional study (n = 6646; 55-76-year-old-men; 60-75-year-old-women with MetS). Methods Dietary habits were assessed using a pre-validated semi quantitative 143-item food frequency questionnaire. The amount of CO2 emitted due to the production of food consumed by person and day was calculated using a European database, and the severity of the MetS was calculated with the MetS Severity Score. Results Higher glycaemia levels were found in people with higher CO2 emissions. The risk of having high severe MetS was related to high CO2 emissions. Conclusions Low CO2 emissions diet would help to reduce MetS severity. Advantages for both health and the environment were found following a more sustainable diet. Trial registration ISRCTN, ISRCTN89898870 . Registered 05 September 2013.

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