Empirical Consequences of Emergent Mass

Abstract

The Lagrangian that defines quantum chromodynamics (QCD), the strong interaction piece of the Standard Model, appears very simple. Nevertheless, it is responsible for an astonishing array of high-level phenomena with enormous apparent complexity, e.g., the existence, number and structure of atomic nuclei. The source of all these things can be traced to emergent mass, which might itself be QCD’s self-stabilising mechanism. A background to this perspective is provided, presenting, inter alia, a discussion of the gluon mass and QCD’s process-independent effective charge and highlighting an array of observable expressions of emergent mass, ranging from its manifestations in pion parton distributions to those in nucleon electromagnetic form factors.

Keywords

• confinement of gluons and quarks
• dynamical chiral symmetry breaking
• Dyson- Schwinger equations
• emergence of hadronic mass
• hadron elastic form factors
• hadron spectroscopy and structure