Clinical and Sonographic Evaluation of Postmenopausal Bleeding (PMB) Followed by Diagnostic and/or Therapeutic Hysteroscopy and Guided Biopsy in Jordanian Hospitals
Abu-Azzam Omar,
Abufraijeh Seham,
Ahlam Mahmoud Al-Kharabsheh,
Emad Alshara,
Amer Mahmoud Sindiani,
Omar Hamdan,
Imene Ghoul,
Hamzeh Mohammad Alrawashdeh
Affiliations
Abu-Azzam Omar
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Mutah University, al-Karak 61710, Jordan
Abufraijeh Seham
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Mutah University, al-Karak 61710, Jordan
Ahlam Mahmoud Al-Kharabsheh
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Mutah University, al-Karak 61710, Jordan
Emad Alshara
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Royal Medical Services, Amman 00962, Jordan
Amer Mahmoud Sindiani
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
Omar Hamdan
College of Medicine, Mutah University, al-Karak61710, Jordan
Imene Ghoul
Department of Pediatric, Ibn-Alhaytham Hospital, Amman 11194, Jordan
Hamzeh Mohammad Alrawashdeh
Department ofOphthalmology, Ibn-Alhaytham Hospital, Amman 11194, Jordan
Background and Objectives: The goal of this study was to evaluate the clinical sonographic evaluation of postmenopausal bleeding (PMB) followed by diagnostic and/or therapeutic hysteroscopy and guided biopsy in Jordanian hospitals. Materials and Methods: A retrospective multi-centric study was performed in hospitals in Al-Karak and Amman from 2014–2016. The study recruited 189 cases to evaluate the aetiology of postmenopausal bleeding. Atrophic endometrium was observed as a major cause of postmenopausal bleeding according to histopathology. The cases were also distributed according to parity in which nulliparous patients were observed. Results: Hysteroscopy was observed to be effective for the diagnosis of postmenopausal bleeding. Conclusion: There is a need to assess more approaches for the diagnosis of postmenopausal bleeding among women.
