Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Induce Inhibitory Effects against Planktonic Cells and Biofilms of Human Oral Cavity Isolates of <i>Rothia mucilaginosa</i>, <i>Georgenia</i> sp. and <i>Staphylococcus saprophyticus</i>
Saher Fatima,
Khursheed Ali,
Bilal Ahmed,
Abdulaziz A. Al Kheraif,
Asad Syed,
Abdallah M. Elgorban,
Javed Musarrat,
Jintae Lee
Affiliations
Saher Fatima
Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
Khursheed Ali
Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
Bilal Ahmed
School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
Abdulaziz A. Al Kheraif
Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
Asad Syed
Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Abdallah M. Elgorban
Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Javed Musarrat
Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
Jintae Lee
School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
Multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacterial cells embedded in biofilm matrices can lead to the development of chronic cariogenesis. Here, we isolated and identified three Gram-positive MDR oral cocci, (1) SJM-04, (2) SJM-38, and (3) SJM-65, and characterized them morphologically, biochemically, and by 16S rRNA gene-based phylogenetic analysis as Georgenia sp., Staphylococcus saprophyticus, and Rothia mucilaginosa, respectively. These three oral isolates exhibited antibiotic-resistance against nalidixic acid, tetracycline, cefuroxime, methicillin, and ceftazidime. Furthermore, these Gram positive MDR oral cocci showed significant (p 2NPs (14.7 nm) significantly (p 2NPs (size range 5–25 nm, crystalline size 13.7 nm, and spherical shape) as an oral antibiofilm agent against Gram positive cocci infections. We suggest that TiO2NPs pave the way for further applications in oral mouthwash formulations and antibiofilm dental coatings.
