Antitumor Effect of AZD4547 in a Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2–Amplified Gastric Cancer Patient–Derived Cell Model

Abstract

BACKGROUND: FGFR2 amplification is associated with aggressive gastric cancer (GC), and targeted drugs have been developed for treatment of GC. We evaluated the antitumor activity of an FGFR inhibitor in FGFR2-amplified GC patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis. METHODS: Two GC patients with FGFR2 amplification confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization showed peritoneal seeding and malignant ascites. We used the patient-derived xenograft model; patient-derived cells (PDCs) from malignant ascites were used to assess FGFR2 expression and its downstream pathway using immunofluorescence analysis and immunoblot assay in vitro. Apoptosis and cell cycle arrest after treatment of FGFR inhibitor were analyzed by Annexin V-FITC assay and cell cycle analysis. RESULTS: FGFR2 amplification was verified in both PDC lines. AZD4547 as an FGFR inhibitor decreased proliferation of PDCs, and the IC50 value was estimated to be 250 nM in PDC#1 and 210 nM in PDC#2. FGFR inhibitor also significantly decreased levels of phosphorylated FGFR2 and downstream signaling molecules in FGFR2-amplified PDC lines. In cell cycle analysis, apoptosis was significantly increased in AZD4547-treated cells compared with nontreated cells. The proportion of cells in the sub-G1 stage was significantly higher in AZD4547-treated PDCs than in control cells. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that FGFR2 amplification is a relevant therapeutic target in GC with peritoneal carcinomatosis.