Trans-lateral decubitus radiograph of the hip: A new view to measure the anteversion of the femoral stem

Abstract

Background: Malposition of the femoral stem is a risk factor for dislocation after total hip arthroplasty (THA). Currently, two radiological methods are available for the measurement of stem anteversion. However, one method is not applicable in patients with a stiff hip, and the other one cannot differentiate the anteversion and retroversion of the stem. Therefore, we developed a method to measure the stem anteversion and assessed its reliability as well as validity. Methods: Trans-lateral decubitus view of the proximal femur was taken with the patient in lateral decubitus position, the hip in extension and the knee in 90° flexion. Hip anteroposterior (AP) view, trans-lateral decubitus view and CT scan of the hip were taken in 36 patients, who underwent THA. Their mean age was 59.8 (27–84) years and the mean body mass index was 25.2 (18.8–30.9) kg/m2. The stem neck-femoral shaft angle was measured on hip AP view and the trans-lateral decubitus view. Then, the stem anteversion was calculated using the Ogata-Goldsand formula. We assessed the intra- and inter-observer reliabilities and evaluated the validity by comparing with the measurements on CT scan. Results: The intra- and inter-observer reliabilities were 0.934 and 0.935, respectively. The calculated stem anteversion (23.72°±8.17°) correlated well with the stem anteversion on CT scan (23.91°±10.25°), especially when the radiological anteversion was <30° (correlation coefficient = 0.729, p = 0.001). Conclusion: We developed a reliable and valid method to measure stem anteversion using hip AP view and trans-lateral decubitus view of the femur. This method can replace conventional radiological methods.

Keywords

• Femoral stem anteversion
• Decubitus trans-lateral method
• Total hip replacement