Resveratrol-Loaded Polydimethylsiloxane–Silica Hybrid Materials: Synthesis, Characterization, and Antitumoral Activity

Abstract

In this work, hybrid materials within the polydimethylsiloxane–silica (PDMS–SiO2) system, synthesized via the sol–gel method, were developed and characterized for their potential to incorporate and release the bioactive compound resveratrol (RES). RES was incorporated into the materials with a high loading efficiency (>75%) using the rotary evaporator technique. This incorporation induced the amorphization of RES, resulting in enhanced solubility and in vitro release when compared to the free polyphenolic compound. The release profiles displayed pH dependence, exhibiting notably faster release at pH 5.2 compared to pH 7.4. The gradual release of RES over time demonstrated an initial time lag of approximately 4 h, being well described by the Weibull model. In vitro cytotoxicity studies were conducted on human osteosarcoma cells (MG-63), revealing a concentration-dependent decrease in cell viability for RES-loaded samples (for concentrations >50 µg mL−1).

Keywords

• bone tissue
• osteosarcoma
• sol–gel hybrid materials
• PDMS-SiO₂ system
• resveratrol
• drug delivery