Literary Arts (Jun 2016)
The Role of phonetic rhyme developments in Persian language
Abstract
Abstract Rhyme has always been a key element of Persian poetry. Poets also contemplate to the rhyme and that some comments and thoughts and critics rhetoric suggests shows sing poetry with difficult rhyme is skill's poetry. Writers and scholars also spoke about it, and they believed that addition of harmonic, rhyme is essential for Persian poem. That is why from the earliest times to the present, according to the rhyme and cited roles for it. Characteristics and roles that researchers have noted rhymes are numerous. Roles that can be used in classical poem, in addition to different roles that researchers have noted for rhyme are as follows: 1. Rhymes important role in the transformation language, because language is a phenomenon that is slowly and steadily evolved. Also, Farsi Dari to date has experienced a lot of changes for different reasons. Especially phonetic changes aimed in this article. Checking for Some phonetic changes that have occurred in the Persian language, is difficult, because there is no documentation to do, because, Persian-line unable to pronounce registration and another reason is the many dialects and the different dialects which have increased the difficulty of review. Alternatively, in addition to the ways that the great masters of Persian language used, and this is addressed, is standing words in rhymes, which will record the pronunciation of words. If the rhymes, the same vowels and consonantal after it be in syllables rhyme, so all the words which stand in the center of rhyme are also in syllables rhyme (or consequences) have the same voice and the same spelling and pronunciation, and this equality help us to determine the true pronunciation of words that stand in center of the rhyme we used. With the help of rhyme ring can be noticed phonetic changes Dari with Persian language was today, that is, if the pronunciation of words that are in the rhyme of poets of the past with their current pronunciation comparison we can comprehend these phonetic changes. By examining the changes in the periods of Persian poetry, we can check these changes and transitions how long have been. In this article, Persian poetry from the fourth century, at the same time with appearance of dominant poets, to the eighth century, the period of growth and development of Persian poetry, is discussed. Apart from the fundamental role of rhyme and main topic of this article, as well as other roles below is discussed. 2. The role of rhyme in the show of local and regional dialects: Rhyme is one of the methods that can be trusted almost certainly for pronouncing the words. Through this knowledge we have poets’ dialect. Accents and dialects in the vast territories of Iran, there have been different. The Persian, the extent of the affected dialects, the thing is impossible. Since the beginning of the Persian Dari common in central and southern parts of Khorasan Persian spoken in Iran has been dialectical differences. Dari Persian that spoken in Khorasan most of the elements were affected Party, but the central and southern regions most affected by the Sassanid's Pahlavi. Persian language was based on Eastern languages and other dialects species were dominant. Literary language beginning on the eastern species common in conversational language, particularly on the basis of common species in Transoxania formed. Can be used as evidence of this in the first Persian culture, the "Loghat fors asadi" noted that the words of the lyrics of the Samanids that was understandable to Western Iranians, explained. Dialects and accents are very obvious, Such as Baba Taher oryani, or poems of Hafez and Saadi Shirazi with shirazi accent. But in some cases, the dialect rhyme in poetry poets in particular, because the pronunciation and accent are unknown now, it is difficult to determine the accent and the need for further reflection that we can help these dialects understand rhymes. For example in recent and contemporary Persian, the infinitive "danestan" and its derivatives have been deducted pronunciation "n"... but in ancient poems of Attar and others, there are signs that he is the source and its derivatives to add "n" pronunciation. Then a lot of poets, such as Nezami, Iraqi Fakhreddin, Sanai, Nasser Khosrow, Attar and other poets mentioned. 3. Choose one form of words: Sometimes words such as giah and gia/ Dybah and Diba/shenah and shena, etc which are both, poet allows himself that according to the rhyme selected, choose one of these forms, and that One of the reasons for survival both of these words. There are many words like these in the poets' poetries. 4. Rectification text: Other role of rhyme is the rhyme role in emendating the texts. Editors have a great interest to use rhyme to emendation. In this article, the discussion will be about the great poets like Nasser Khosrow, Ferdowsi, etc that the editors by rhyme have sought to correct form of words. 5. Persistence old words: Rhyme can effective to implementation and Persistence old words, for example, like the poet Nasser Khosrow that his exemplum rhyme which terminate to "n". he make the choice of the word "Padashtan" who older than "Padash" with rhyme words like: "man", "moazen", "roghan", etc.
