Characterization of Agro Waste Fiber Extracted from the Stem of Canna Edulis Plant and Its Potential in the Textiles

Abstract

The objective of the study was to explore the potential of fiber from the stem of the Canna Edulis plant as an alternative raw material for textiles. The stem of Canna Edulis plant is agricultural waste but it is regarded as a source of environmentally friendly fibers. The fiber was extracted using the water retting process. The Canna Edulis fiber’s surface morphology was composed of many elementary fibers. The elementary fibers were hollow and irregular in shape, ranging from circular to elliptical. Bundle diameters range from 50 to 100 μm. The fibers’ main constituents were cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. The fiber’s tensile strength per bundle was 0.18 N/tex and the fiber breaking elongation was 4.2%. The fiber’s fineness was 30.30 dtex. The fibers’ average length was 413.92 mm. The moisture regain of the fiber was 8.24%. The friction coefficient of the fiber was 0.17. According to the fiber properties, the Canna Edulis fiber has the ability to be produced into textile yarn. Agro waste fiber derived from the stem of the Canna Edulis plant may be used as a substitute material for textiles.

Keywords

• canna edulis
• stem fiber
• extraction
• fiber properties
• agro waste fiber