Effect of nanoparticles on antibacterial efficacy of intracanal medicament: A scoping review

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this scoping review is to highlight the effect of nanoparticles (NPs) when incorporated as an intracanal medicament to direct imminent research to understand the efficiency of NPs in clinical scenarios. Methods: A PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO host, and manual search were performed April 18, 2022. Inclusion criteria were set that had to be met by each study for it to be selected for the review. “The review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews Checklist.” Results: Ten in vitro studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included in this review. Six studies evaluated silver NPs, one study with bioactive glass NPs, one study with chitosan-propolis NPs, one study with zinc oxide NPs, two studies with calcium hydroxide NPs, and one with calcium oxide NPs. In endodontics, materials such as zinc oxide and silver NPs disturb biofilm and lessen bacterial load within biofilm. The small size of the particles allows them to readily penetrate greater depths into dentinal tubules, resulting in an amplified antimicrobial action on root canal pathogens. Conclusion: According to the included studies, the findings indicate that the antibacterial efficacy of intracanal medicament was higher in groups containing NPs and provide a basis for future studies to be conducted in vivo and direct future research on NPs and its various unexplored applications.

Keywords

• antibacterial
• antimicrobial
• enterococcus faecalis
• medicament
• silver