Optimal selection and effect evaluation of re-fracturing intervals in shale gas horizontal wells

Abstract

The monitoring results of production logging show that almost one third of perforation clusters produce no or less gas after volumetric fracturing is initially applied in shale gas reservoirs. Besides, the production decline after the commissioning is commonly faster. In this paper, a fracture network prediction model and a fracturing well productivity prediction model were established based on microseismic interpretation data and hydraulic fracture network propagation results. After petrophysics, microseism, production performance were taken into consideration comprehensively, shale re-fracturing development potential evaluation index (RDPEI) was proposed. Then, a re-fracturing design and evaluation method was developed and targeted interval selection and evaluation was realized and applied on site. And the following research results were obtained. First, due to the heterogeneity of natural fractures, hydraulic fracture networks are more different, so an obvious “dead gas zone” can be easily formed and its re-fracturing potential is high. Second, the initial hydraulic fracture network is more affected by natural fractures. The main part of a fracture network propagates along the direction of maximum horizontal major stress, the fractures in regional stimulated intervals propagate in the form of double wing, and the length of a liquid swept fracture network is 52–70% of seismic interpretation result. Third, the RDPEI model avoids the limitations of single factor analysis and realizes the quantitative prediction on three types of indexes of recoverability, compressibility and re-fracturing. Fourth, re-fracturing of the case well is remarkable in stimulation effect. Its shale gas productivity is increased by 38.9%, and its cumulative gas production in one year is increased by 62.5%. In conclusion, re-fracturing is an effective and feasible method for improving the single well ultimate recovery reserves of shale gas. This method provides a theoretical and technical support for the selection and effect evaluation of re-fracturing intervals in shale-gas horizontal wells. Keywords: Shale gas, Re-fracturing, Productivity, Prediction, Fracture network propagation, Microseismic, Production decline, Single-well ultimate recoverable reserves