Antimicrobial and Immunomodulatory Effects of Selected Chemokine and Antimicrobial Peptide on Cytokine Profile during <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium Infection in Mouse
Astrid Tuxpan-Pérez,
Marco Antonio Ibarra-Valencia,
Blanca Elisa Estrada,
Herlinda Clement,
Ligia Luz Corrales-García,
Gerardo Pavel Espino-Solis,
Gerardo Corzo
Affiliations
Astrid Tuxpan-Pérez
Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, A.P. 510-3, Cuernavaca 62250, Mexico
Marco Antonio Ibarra-Valencia
Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, A.P. 510-3, Cuernavaca 62250, Mexico
Blanca Elisa Estrada
Translational Research Laboratory, National Laboratory of Flow Cytometry, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Circuito Universitario, Campus II, Chihuahua 31109, Mexico
Herlinda Clement
Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, A.P. 510-3, Cuernavaca 62250, Mexico
Ligia Luz Corrales-García
Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, A.P. 510-3, Cuernavaca 62250, Mexico
Gerardo Pavel Espino-Solis
Translational Research Laboratory, National Laboratory of Flow Cytometry, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Circuito Universitario, Campus II, Chihuahua 31109, Mexico
Gerardo Corzo
Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, A.P. 510-3, Cuernavaca 62250, Mexico
The antimicrobial and immunomodulatory capacities of the peptide Css54 and the chemokine MCP-1 were tested. The first, a peptide isolated from the venom of the scorpion Centruroides suffusus suffusus was synthesized chemically. In contrast, the second is a monocyte chemoattractant expressed as a recombinant protein in our lab. It was observed in vitro that Css54 inhibited the growth of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (6.2 µg/mL). At high concentrations, it was toxic to macrophages (25 µg/mL), activated macrophage phagocytosis (1.5 µg/mL), and bound Salmonella LPS (3 µg/mL). On the other hand, the recombinant MCP-1 neither inhibited the growth of Salmonella Typhimurium nor was it toxic to macrophages (up to 25 µg/mL), nor activated macrophage phagocytosis or bound Salmonella LPS (up to 3 µg/mL). Although it was observed in vivo in mice Balb/C that both Css54 and MCP-1 did not resolve the intraperitoneal infection by S. Typhimurium, Css54 decreased the expression of IL-6 and increased IL-10, IL-12p70, and TNF-α levels; meanwhile, MCP-1 decreased the expression of IFN-γ and increased IL-12p70 and TNF-α. It was also observed that the combination of both molecules Css54 and MCP-1 increased the expression of IL-10 and TNF-α.
