Microalbuminuria in Type 2 Diabetic Patient with Hypertension

Abstract

The prevalence of microalbuminuria (MAU) was determined in type 2 diabetic patients with hypertension attending at the Outpatient Department from October 2002 to November 2003. Nephur® tests were performed in all cases to detect macroalbuminuria. Patients without any documented urinalysis or those with normoalbuminuria tested previously were enrolled. Demographic and clinical data were collected through questionnaires. Micral® tests were subsequently carried out in those who did not have macroalbuminuria. A hundred males (aged of 59.3 ± 11.0 years) and 200 females (aged of 60.3 ± 10.1 years) were enrolled with the mean BMI of 27.3 ± 4.3 kg/m2 (26.9 ± 4.1 kg/m2 in males and 27.6 ± 4.4 kg/m2 in females). It was found that he prevalence of macroalbuminuria was 7.3% (22/300), 10% in males and 6% in females (p = 0.78), while the prevalence of MAU was 40.7% (113/278), 48.9% in males and 36.7% in females (p = 0.0001). There was no significant differences between patients with normoalbuminuria and those with MAU in age, sex, ethnic, BMI, levels of BP, fasting plasma glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, creatinine, LDL-C, HDL-C, including the rate of BP normalization recommended by ADA 2003 guidelines and the use of ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers. The prevalence of MAU rose in relation with the duration of diabetes of 1 to 5 years (35.5%), >5 to 10 years (50.0%), and > 10 years (63.2%) as well as with an increase in duration of hypertension, i.e. 1 to 5 years (36.0%), > 5 to 10 years (42.0%), and > 10 years (51.0%). Average number of antihypertensive drugs taken was 2.5 ± 1.1 to keep the mean BP of 137.5 ± 12.3/80.6 ± 7.8 mm Hg.

Keywords

• Diabetes mellitus
• hypertension
• microalbuminuria