Stiinta Agricola (Jun 2019)
Perfecţionarea unor elemente tehnologice la producerea materialului săditor pentru fondarea livezilor moderne de măr
Abstract
The experiment was carried out in the fruit tree nursery of the “Vagadis” enterprise during the period 2015-2016. Apple trees of the following varieties: Golden Delicious Reinders, Red Velox, Gala Buckeye and Red Jonaprince, grafted on M 9 rootstock were subject of study. Planting of rootstocks was carried out in the spring of 2015. The grafting method used in field 1 of the tree nursery was chip bud grafting. Planting distance was 80x35 cm. In order to intensify the formation of the anticipated shoots in the area of the crown formation, various technological processes were used: 1. Free growth of the trees stocks (control); 2. Breakage of apical apex of leaves combined with two treatments with the Gerba 4LG growth regulator (4.0% BA) at a dose of 25 ml/liter of water. During the researches the following parameters were studied: the extent of callusing of the grafts and the beginning of their vegetation in spring, the height of the trees, the diameter of the stem in its various areas, the number, the average length and the combined length of the annual branches, the yield and the quality of the planting material. It was established that the most reasonable garnishing of the crown formation zone with anticipated shoots at all studied varieties was obtained by breaking the apical leaves in the apex area once when the graft reaches 65-70 cm height combined with twice the sprinkling Gerba 4LG growth regulator at 25 ml/liter of water. The first treatment should be done after breaking the apical leaves and the next – at the interval of 5-7 days.
