Outcomes of a smartphone-based application with live health-coaching post-percutaneous coronary intervention
Kaavya Paruchuri,
Phoebe Finneran,
Nicholas A Marston,
Emma W Healy,
John Andreo, Jr,
Ryan Lynch,
Alexander J Blood,
Maeve Jones-O'Connor,
Bradley Lander,
Noreen Kelly,
Maria T. Vivaldi,
Kate Traynor,
Stephen Wiviott,
Pradeep Natarajan
Affiliations
Kaavya Paruchuri
Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, CPZN 3.184, Boston, MA 02114, United States; Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Program in Medical and Population Genetics and Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, United States
Phoebe Finneran
Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, CPZN 3.184, Boston, MA 02114, United States
Nicholas A Marston
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston MA, United States
Emma W Healy
Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, CPZN 3.184, Boston, MA 02114, United States; Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
John Andreo, Jr
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston MA, United States
Ryan Lynch
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston MA, United States
Alexander J Blood
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston MA, United States
Maeve Jones-O'Connor
Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, CPZN 3.184, Boston, MA 02114, United States; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
Bradley Lander
Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center – New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, United States
Noreen Kelly
Sanger Heart and Vascular Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC, United States
Maria T. Vivaldi
Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
Kate Traynor
Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
Stephen Wiviott
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston MA, United States
Pradeep Natarajan
Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, CPZN 3.184, Boston, MA 02114, United States; Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Program in Medical and Population Genetics and Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, United States; Corresponding author.
Background: The interval between inpatient hospitalization for symptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD) and post-discharge office consultation is a vulnerable period for adverse events. Methods: Content was customized on a smartphone app-based platform for hospitalized patients receiving percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) which included education, tracking, reminders and live health coaches. We conducted a single-arm open-label pilot study of the app at two academic medical centers in a single health system, with subjects enrolled 02/2018–05/2019 and 1:3 propensity-matched historical controls from 01/2015–12/2017. To evaluate feasibility and efficacy, we assessed 30-day hospital readmission (primary), outpatient cardiovascular follow-up, and cardiac rehabilitation (CR) enrollment as recorded in the health system. Outcomes were assessed by Cox Proportional Hazards model. Findings: 118 of 324 eligible (36·4%) 21–85 year-old patients who underwent PCI for symptomatic CAD who owned a smartphone or tablet enrolled. Mean age was 62.5 (9·7) years, 87 (73·7%) were male, 40 of 118 (33·9%) had type 2 diabetes mellitus, 68 (57·6%) enrolled underwent PCI for MI and 59 (50·0%) had previously known CAD; demographics were similar among matched historical controls. No significant difference existed in all-cause readmission within 30 days (8·5% app vs 9·6% control, ARR -1.1% absolute difference, 95% CI -7·1–4·8, p = 0·699) or 90 days (16·1% app vs 19·5% control, p = 0.394). Rates of both 90-day CR enrollment (HR 1·99, 95% CI 1·30–3·06) and 1-month cardiovascular follow up (HR 1·83, 95% CI 1·43–2·34) were greater with the app. Weekly engagement at 30- and 90-days, as measured by percentage of weeks with at least one day of completion of tasks, was mean (SD) 73·5% (33·9%) and 63·5% (40·3%). Spearman correlation analyses indicated similar engagement across age, sex, and cardiovascular risk factors. Interpretations: A post-PCI smartphone app with live health coaches yielded similarly high engagement across demographics and safely increased attendance in cardiac rehabilitation. Larger prospective randomized controlled trials are necessary to test whether this app improves cardiovascular outcomes following PCI. Funding: National Institutes of Health, Boston Scientific. Clinical trial registration: NCT03416920 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03416920).
