1Department of Microsystem Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, PR China
Haoqing Zhang
1Department of Microsystem Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, PR China
Ying Xu
1Department of Microsystem Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, PR China
Soňa Laššáková
2Institute of Biology & Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University & General University Hospital in Prague, Purkyně Institute, Albertov 4, Praha 2 128 00, Czech Republic
Marie Korabečná
2Institute of Biology & Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University & General University Hospital in Prague, Purkyně Institute, Albertov 4, Praha 2 128 00, Czech Republic
Pavel Neužil
1Department of Microsystem Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, PR China
PCR has become one of the most valuable techniques currently used in bioscience, diagnostics and forensic science. Here we review the history of PCR development and the technologies that have evolved from the original PCR method. Currently, there are two main areas of PCR utilization in bioscience: high-throughput PCR systems and microfluidics-based PCR devices for point-of-care (POC) applications. We also discuss the commercialization of these techniques and conclude with a look into their modifications and use in innovative areas of biomedicine. For example, real-time reverse transcription PCR is the gold standard for SARS-CoV-2 diagnoses. It could also be used for POC applications, being a key component of the sample-to-answer system.
