Relação entre Emissões de CO2, Crescimento Econômico e Energia Renovável

Abstract

The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between CO2 emission, economic growth, fossil energy and renewable energy. The sample used in the survey is composed of 37 countries and the data are from the period 1996 to 2013. The panel data approach with threshold, including the emission of carbon dioxide variables; consumption of fossil fuels; renewable energy consumption and GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity as an indicator of the countries' economic growth. Regarding the use of fossil fuels, it was verified that the variable has a direct relationship with the emission of CO2. However, the magnitude of the impact is much stronger in countries classified under regime 1 (low per capita income). Regarding economic growth, positive and statistically significant impacts were found for all groups of countries, and the influence on the CO2 emission is stronger in the countries of the regime 2. Regarding the use of renewable energy, a significant and negative relation was found for all groups, and for the less wealthy countries the use of renewable energy has a stronger trade off than for the most wealth-generating countries.

Keywords

• economic growth
• global pollution
• panel data with threshold