Oriental Studies (May 2018)
The Republic of Crimea: Tourist Cluster as an Organizational-Economic Management Mechanism for the Formation and Development of Innovative Potential
Abstract
The article examines features of tourism industry’s development in the Republic of Crimea, and determines some aspects of socio-economic importance of tourist activities. It also analyzes advantages of cluster policy as a key instrument in solving tasks that are necessary for the qualitative development of tourism industry in the region, innovative potential and level of economic development of the country as a whole. Due to the necessity of defining a set of measures implemented by the interested economic entities and executive authorities, aimed at the unification of the logistical, financial, technological, and innovation resources of potential participants, there increased interaction between them, thus creating a favorable environment for development. The paper systemizes groups of factors that contribute to the creation of a tourist environment that reflect the nature of influence and the factors that determine the development of the market of tourist services determine the nature of the impact. The consideration of these factors will ensure the effective regulation of tourism clusters’ (TC) development on the basis of the focus control actions on anticipation of the negative impact and strengthening positive impact of factors with the aim of creating favorable conditions for their development. In this regard, with the creation of the tourist cluster it is planned to implement a complex of actions for the implementation of organizational measures aimed at the development of the formation concept, determining the composition of the participants, the rationale for the structure and management system, creation of measures to stimulate the development. Identification of the main organizational stages of TC formation allowed us to formulate a structural-logical scheme of organization of eight stages as follows: 1) creation of contact groups, which provides for the organization of the initiative group and giving it its powers to address issues related to the creation of tourism cluster and attracting the interested enterprises and organizations; 2) development of the concept of TC, which is necessary to justify the target orientation of its creation project, to establish deadlines for key actions and necessary resource support; 3) to identify members of a TC involves determination of the quantitative composition taking into account their specialization; 4) formalization of cooperation between the members of TC, which involves the choice of schemes for their interaction, influencing the formation of conditions for cooperation between them, increasing the level of confidence and adequacy of management decision-making; 5) establishment of TC management system, including the allocation of management levels and creation of management bodies and distribution of competences between them; 6) optimization of tourism management aimed at improving the forms, methods and ways of cooperation with the management bodies, its structural subdivisions and provides for the detection of hidden institutional reserves, can increase the effectiveness of its activities and includes implementing a system to evaluate the quality of cluster management, application process, situational management in structural subdivisions; 7) stimulating activity of the tourist cluster, which includes the development support activities undertaken by regional bodies of Executive power; 8) evaluation of the performance of TC - includes the development of scientific and methodical support of efficiency assessment and synergies arising in various areas of the region.
