A longitudinal and qualitative analysis of caregiver depression and quality of life in the Cape Town adolescent antiretroviral cohort

Tatum Sevenoaks; Jean-Paul Fouche; Bulelwa Mtukushe; Nicole Phillips; Sarah Heany; Landon Myer; Heather J. Zar; Dan J. Stein; Jacqueline Hoare

Journal of Affective Disorders Reports (Dec 2022)

A longitudinal and qualitative analysis of caregiver depression and quality of life in the Cape Town adolescent antiretroviral cohort

Tatum Sevenoaks,
Jean-Paul Fouche,
Bulelwa Mtukushe,
Nicole Phillips,
Sarah Heany,
Landon Myer,
Heather J. Zar,
Dan J. Stein,
Jacqueline Hoare

Affiliations

Tatum Sevenoaks: Department of Psychiatry and Mental health and Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Circle Groote Schuur Hospital, Outpatient Building, H-Floor Research Offices, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa; Corresponding author.
Jean-Paul Fouche: Department of Psychiatry and Mental health and Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Circle Groote Schuur Hospital, Outpatient Building, H-Floor Research Offices, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
Bulelwa Mtukushe: Department of Psychiatry and Mental health and Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Circle Groote Schuur Hospital, Outpatient Building, H-Floor Research Offices, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
Nicole Phillips: Department of Psychiatry and Mental health and Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Circle Groote Schuur Hospital, Outpatient Building, H-Floor Research Offices, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
Sarah Heany: Department of Psychiatry and Mental health and Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Circle Groote Schuur Hospital, Outpatient Building, H-Floor Research Offices, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
Landon Myer: Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa
Heather J. Zar: Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa; SA Medical Research Council Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, South Africa
Dan J. Stein: Department of Psychiatry and Mental health and Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Circle Groote Schuur Hospital, Outpatient Building, H-Floor Research Offices, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa; SA Medical Research Council Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, South Africa
Jacqueline Hoare: Department of Psychiatry and Mental health and Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Circle Groote Schuur Hospital, Outpatient Building, H-Floor Research Offices, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 10
p. 100396

Abstract

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Background: This study aimed to investigate depression and quality of life longitudinally in caregivers of adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV (PHIV) enrolled in the Cape Town Adolescent Antiretroviral Cohort (CTAAC). Methods: Depression, socioeconomic factors and quality of life were assessed in caregivers (n = 121) at baseline and 36 months follow-up using the Centers for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESD), the Family Resources Scale (FRS), Family Support Scale (FSS), and the World Health Organization's Quality of Life Scale (WHOQoL). Internalizing and externalizing behaviors in PHIV adolescents were assessed using the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL). Qualitative analysis was conducted to highlight key concerns raised by caregivers in caring for PHIV adolescents. Results: CESD was significantly lower at follow-up compared to baseline (p = 0.001), with FRS (p = 0.003) and WHOQoL physical health (p = 0.038) significantly higher at follow-up. Higher CESD scores were predicted by increased CBCL internalizing (baseline: p = 0.002; follow-up: p = 0.021) and externalizing behavior (baseline: p = 0.010; follow-up: p = 0.015) in PHIV adolescents and decreased WHOQoL physical health (baseline: p = 0.001; follow-up: p = 0.016) and WHOQoL overall quality of life (baseline: p = 0.003; follow-up: p = 0.019). Higher WHOQoL Total Score was predicted by lower CESD scores (baseline: p < 0.001; follow-up: p = 0.010) and higher FRS (p < 0.001) and FSS (baseline: p < 0.001; follow-up: p = 0.001). Qualitative analysis indicated that caregivers’ main concerns were PHIV adolescent educational and health problems. Limitations: Self-report measures and small sample size. Conclusion: This study highlights the need for adequate intervention strategies to provide resources and social support to caregivers of PHIV adolescents in order to improve their mental health.

Published in Journal of Affective Disorders Reports

ISSN: 2666-9153 (Online)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: Netherlands
LCC subjects: Medicine: Other systems of medicine: Mental healing
Website: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/journal-of-affective-disorders-reports

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