Indirect evaluation method and parameters of blood pressure and its indexes in dogs
Abstract
The article presents the results of studies on the adaptation of the automatic tonometer Longevita BP–1305 with replaceable marking cuffs I(C1I) and C(C1C) for the oscillometric method of blood pressure measuring in dogs of different sizes. Reference indicators are defined. The proposed method is indirect and is based on the measurement of air pressure required to compress the artery and stop the blood flow in it. The initial recorded tone displays the maximum, or systolic, pressure (Sys). The process of stopping the registration of pulse tremors occurs at the time of restoration of the artery lumen and corresponds to the minimal, or diastolic, blood pressure (Dia). The use of the oscillometric method completely eliminates the human factor for the measurements. These cuffs allow to cover the whole range of the dogs circles subulnar zone of different breeds. The ratio of width to circumference is 42–45%, which is the optimal value. The cuff of the device was applied to the left forearm area. Measurements were carried out three times, calculating the arithmetic mean of the results to account for the error caused by the stress state of animals. Experienced dogs were in the usual lying position. All healthy animals were monitored for blood pressure in the morning (9–10 hours), afternoon (14–15 hours) and evening (19–20 hours). Under the influence of aggressive factors of excessive force, inadequate violent chaotic reactions of the body occur, which leads to a state of shock. Periodic measurement of mean blood pressure in combination with other routine studies can identify patients at risk of decompensation at the stage when resuscitation is still possible. Systolic, diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate were measured. The mean blood pressure and Allgover shock index were calculated. We did not find a significant difference in blood pressure depending on body weight. Also, these figures fluctuate unreliably during the day and are the largest in the morning with a tendency to decrease in the evening. We have established the reference values of blood pressure of clinically healthy dogs at the level of the narrowed norm (M ± σ), taking into account the permitted number of the studied animals (n = 120). The shock index of Allgover in healthy animals is in the range of 0.6–0.9. The growth of the indicator indicates an increase in shock phenomena.
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