Genetic Potential of Tropically Adapted Exotic Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) Heat-Tolerant Donor Lines in Sub-Tropical Breeding Programs

Abstract

Breeding for heat stress tolerance became a priority in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), as projections are showing an increase in frequency, duration, and severity. In this study, 14 heat stress tolerant-donor lines (HSTDLs) sourced from CIMMYT-India (males) were crossed with 15 locally adapted elite lines (females) developed within the CIMMYT-Zimbabwe maize-breeding program using the North Carolina Design II mating scheme. The resultant 175 single crosses were evaluated alongside five commercial hybrids and adjacent to the trial of parental lines used in the crosses across two locations representing heat stress and optimal environments in Zimbabwe. The design II analysis showed significant (p p p p per se performance under heat, optimal conditions, and across environments. Overall data demonstrate the potential of exotic HSTDLs for improving the adaptation of maize to heat stress in sub-tropical breeding programs.

Keywords

• combining ability
• exotic germplasm
• gene action
• heat stress
• grain yield