INVESTIGATION OF THE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF MICROELEMENTS IN SOILS BY THE METHOD OF MULTIVARIATE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE TERRITORY OF THE DALDYN KIBERLITE FIELD, NORTHWESTERN YAKUTIA)

Abstract

The relevance. Currently, industrial activity, which processes lead to the deterioration of environmental conditions, is becoming increasingly large. Therefore, projects and measures are needed to reduce environmental damage and restore disturbed lands, which are based on preliminary studies of soil properties, the content and distribution of trace elements and heavy metals in the conditions of technogenesis. The main aim: to determine the regularities of the spatial distribution of microelements and the sources of their entry into the surface layer of soils on the territory of the industrial site of the Udachny Mining and Processing Division using the tools of multivariate statistical analysis. Objects: dominant soil types of the north-taiga landscapes of northwestern Yakutia. Methods: potentiometric, colorimetric, atomic absorption, statistical methods (descriptive, normal distribution analysis, principal component method, spatial analysis). Results. The coefficients of variation of trace elements in the upper soil layer of the study area are distributed in the following descending order: Zn˃Ni˃Mn˃Cr˃Co˃Pb˃Cd˃As. The concentrations of the elements Pb, Ni, Cd, Co, Cr, Zn, and As in the surface soil layer of the study area do not have a normal distribution, with the exception of Mn. Three factors have been identified that explain the dispersion of the content of trace elements and heavy metals in the soils of the territory of the north-taiga landscapes of North-Western Yakutia. The first factor noticeably affects the distribution of Co, Cr, Ni, and Zn; the second – Cd; and the third – As and Mn. The main sources of pollution were identified. The content of Co, Cr and Ni in the surface layer of the soil is affected by the Udachny kimberlite pipe quarry and tailing dump no. 1, Zn – by the residential area of Udachny, As – by the polygon of highly mineralized brines.

Keywords

• trace elements
• heavy metals
• mobile forms
• soil pollution
• kimberlite field
• multivariate statistical analysis
• spatial distribution
• yakutia