Evolution of Technologies for Cadmium Remediation and Detoxification

Abstract

Heavy metal pollution is one of the most serious global environmental concerns. As a result, the current research includes an overview of technologies that are being developed for remediating or eliminating such contaminants from the environment, such as physical and chemical approaches, as well as their ineffectiveness. A wide range of minute species was discovered for their potential to tolerate, resist, accumulate and absorb heavy metals. But they all are naturally occurring species and need optimal conditions as well as a longer duration to grow. Thus, there is a need for more reliable, efficient, and productive techniques to address the issue. The use of nanoparticles for remediation has paved the way for more research in this subject and the development of useful technology to cope with problems. The evolution of technologies for heavy metal remediation, particularly cadmium, is discussed in this article because it is one of the most hazardous heavy metals that necessitates immediate attention.

Keywords

• cadmium remediation, vitrification, phytoremediation, nanocomposites, iron nanoparticles