Low-frequency oscillations link frontal and parietal cortex with subthalamic nucleus in conflicts
Quan Zhang,
Baotian Zhao,
Wolf-Julian Neumann,
Hutao Xie,
Lin Shi,
Guanyu Zhu,
Zixiao Yin,
Guofan Qin,
Yutong Bai,
Fangang Meng,
Anchao Yang,
Yin Jiang,
Jianguo Zhang
Affiliations
Quan Zhang
Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, The South Fourth Ring Road, West Road, Fengtai District & No. 119, Beijing 100070, China
Baotian Zhao
Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, The South Fourth Ring Road, West Road, Fengtai District & No. 119, Beijing 100070, China
Wolf-Julian Neumann
Movement Disorder and Neuromodulation Unit, Department of Neurology, Charite´, Universita¨Tsmedizin Berlin, Charite´ Campus Mitte, Berlin 10117, Germany
Hutao Xie
Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, The South Fourth Ring Road, West Road, Fengtai District & No. 119, Beijing 100070, China
Lin Shi
Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, The South Fourth Ring Road, West Road, Fengtai District & No. 119, Beijing 100070, China
Guanyu Zhu
Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, The South Fourth Ring Road, West Road, Fengtai District & No. 119, Beijing 100070, China
Zixiao Yin
Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, The South Fourth Ring Road, West Road, Fengtai District & No. 119, Beijing 100070, China
Guofan Qin
Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, The South Fourth Ring Road, West Road, Fengtai District & No. 119, Beijing 100070, China
Yutong Bai
Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, The South Fourth Ring Road, West Road, Fengtai District & No. 119, Beijing 100070, China
Fangang Meng
Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, The South Fourth Ring Road, West Road, Fengtai District & No. 119, Beijing 100070, China
Anchao Yang
Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, The South Fourth Ring Road, West Road, Fengtai District & No. 119, Beijing 100070, China
Yin Jiang
Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, The South Fourth Ring Road, West Road, Fengtai District & No. 119, Beijing 100070, China; Corresponding authors at: Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, The South Fourth Ring Road, West Road, Fengtai District & No. 119, Beijing 100070, China
Jianguo Zhang
Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, The South Fourth Ring Road, West Road, Fengtai District & No. 119, Beijing 100070, China; Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, The South Fourth Ring Road, West Road, Fengtai District & No. 119, Beijing 100070, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurostimulation, Beijing, 100070, China; Corresponding authors at: Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, The South Fourth Ring Road, West Road, Fengtai District & No. 119, Beijing 100070, China
Low-frequency oscillations (LFOs, 28 Hz) in the subthalamic nucleus(STN) are known to reflect cognitive conflict. However, it is unclear if LFOs mediate communication and functional interactions among regions implicated in conflict processing, such as the motor cortex (M1), premotor cortex (PMC), and superior parietal lobule (SPL). To investigate the potential contribution of LFOs to cognitive conflict mediation, we recorded M1, PMC, and SPL activities by right subdural electrocorticography (ECoG) simultaneously with bilateral STN local field potentials (LFPs) by deep brain stimulation electrodes in 13 patients with Parkinson's disease who performed the arrow version of the Eriksen flanker task. Elevated cue-related LFO activity was observed across patients during task trials, with the earliest onset in PMC and SPL. At cue onset, LFO power exhibited a significantly greater increase or a trend of a greater increase in the PMC, M1, and STN, and less increase in the SPL during high-conflict (incongruent) trials than in low-conflict (congruent) trials. The local LFO power increases in PMC, SPL, and right STN were correlated with response time, supporting the notion that these structures are critical hubs for cognitive conflict processing. This power increase was accompanied by increased functional connectivity between the PMC and right STN, which was correlated with response time across subjects. Finally, ipsilateral PMC-STN Granger causality was enhanced during high-conflict trials, with direction from STN to PMC. Our study indicates that LFOs link the frontal and parietal cortex with STN during conflicts, and the ipsilateral PMC-STN connection is specifically involved in this cognitive conflict processing.
