Effect of decalcification on immunohistochemical staining of trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type 1

Abstract

Abstract To evaluate the effect of different decalcification solutions on the immunohistochemical staining of trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type 1 (TRPS1), and to provide a reliable basis for the accurate diagnosis of bone metastasis of breast cancer. Due to the limited biopsy samples of bone metastatic cancer, 20 cases of invasive breast cancer were selected to simulate bone metastatic biopsy, dividing into four groups: undecalcified group, 30% formic acid group, 10% hydrochloric acid group and 10% nitric acid group. Immunohistochemical staining was performed after treatment for 2, 6, 18 and 24 h. There was no change in the proportion and intensity of TRPS1 cells in the formic acid decalcification group within 18 h, but decreased significantly after 24 h. The staining intensity of TRPS1 and the proportion of stained cells were significantly decreased in the hydrochloric acid decalcification group since 2 h treatment. The percentage and intensity of positive cells in the nitric acid decalcification group changed little or no change within 6 h, and then gradually decreased with the extension of time. Another three invasive breast cancer samples were used to compare the effects of different decalcification solutions on the same case. In brief, we conclude that the effect of 30% formic acid decalcification on TRPS1 staining is small when the time is less than 18 h. 10% nitric acid decalcification should be controlled within 6 h, which has little effect on TRPS1 staining, and 10% hydrochloric acid decalcification will lead to significantly less positive TRPS1 staining, so it is not recommended for breast bone metastasis tissue decalcification.