Phosphomevalonate Kinase Controls β‐Catenin Signaling via the Metabolite 5‐Diphosphomevalonate

Abstract

Abstract β‐catenin signaling is abnormally activated in cancer. Here, this work screens the mevalonate metabolic pathway enzyme PMVK to stabilize β‐catenin signaling using a human genome‐wide library. On the one hand, PMVK‐produced MVA‐5PP competitively binds to CKIα to prevent β‐catenin Ser45 phosphorylation and degradation. On the other hand, PMVK functions as a protein kinase to directly phosphorylate β‐catenin Ser184 to increase its protein nuclear localization. This synergistic effect of PMVK and MVA‐5PP together promotes β‐catenin signaling. In addition, PMVK deletion impairs mouse embryonic development and causes embryonic lethal. PMVK deficiency in liver tissue alleviates DEN/CCl4‐induced hepatocarcinogenesis. Finally, the small molecule inhibitor of PMVK, PMVKi5, is developed and PMVKi5 inhibits carcinogenesis of liver and colorectal tissues. These findings reveal a non‐canonical function of a key metabolic enzyme PMVK and a novel link between the mevalonate pathway and β‐catenin signaling in carcinogenesis providing a new target for clinical cancer therapy.

Keywords

• β‐catenin
• casein kinase Iα
• hepatocellular carcinoma
• mevalonate 5‐diphosphate
• phosphomevalonate kinase