Prevalence and risk factors of dry eye disease among adults in Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Background: Environmental and epidemiological factors increase the risk of dry eye in Saudi Arabia, but most studies have limited generalizability. Objective: To determine the prevalence of dry eye disease (DED) among adults across Saudi Arabia and the associated risk factors. The secondary objective was to estimate the economic burden of DED by calculating lubricant usage and its annual costs. Methods: This cross-sectional study invited adults from across Saudi Arabia to complete a questionnaire that collected data regarding demographics, symptoms related to DED, previous diagnosis of DED, use of contact lenses, and use of eye lubricants. Results: A total of 2042 responses were received, of which 784 (38.4%) respondents had previously been diagnosed with DED and 752 (36.8%) were symptomatic but undiagnosed. Between the DED diagnosed and symptomatic-undiagnosed groups, a significant difference was found in terms of age (P 2 hours/day.

Keywords

• dry eye disease
• economic burden
• epidemiology
• ocular surface disease
• risk factors
• saudi arabia