8-Methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) Isolated from <i>Ficus petiolaris</i> (Moraceae) Has Insecticidal Activity against <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i>
Rodolfo Figueroa-Brito,
Juan Manuel Rivas-González,
César Sotelo-Leyva,
Ofelia Sotelo-Caro,
Miguel Ángel Ramos-López,
Dante Avilés-Montes,
María Guadalupe Valladares-Cisneros,
David Osvaldo Salinas-Sánchez
Affiliations
Rodolfo Figueroa-Brito
Departamento de Interacciones Planta-Insecto, Centro de Desarrollo de Productos Bióticos, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Carretera Yautepec-Jojutla Km 6, Col. San Isidro, Yautepec C.P. 62731, Morelos, Mexico
Juan Manuel Rivas-González
Escuela de Estudios Superiores del Jicarero, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Carretera Galeana-Tequesquitengo s/n, Jojutla C.P. 62907, Morelos, Mexico
César Sotelo-Leyva
Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas s/n, Ciudad Universitaria Sur, Chilpancingo C.P. 39000, Guerrero, Mexico
Ofelia Sotelo-Caro
Escuela de Estudios Superiores del Jicarero, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Carretera Galeana-Tequesquitengo s/n, Jojutla C.P. 62907, Morelos, Mexico
Miguel Ángel Ramos-López
Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas s/n, Col. Las Campanas, Santiago de Querétaro C.P. 76010, Querétaro, Mexico
Dante Avilés-Montes
Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad No. 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca C.P. 62209, Morelos, Mexico
María Guadalupe Valladares-Cisneros
Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad No. 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca C.P. 62209, Morelos, Mexico
David Osvaldo Salinas-Sánchez
Escuela de Estudios Superiores del Jicarero, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Carretera Galeana-Tequesquitengo s/n, Jojutla C.P. 62907, Morelos, Mexico
In this study, we tested the insectistatic and insecticidal effects of the ethanolic extract of stems and bark of Ficus petiolaris Kunth (Moraceae) in laboratory bioassays with an artificial diet against newly hatched larvae of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The extract was evaluated at five different concentrations (500, 1000, 1500, 2000, and 2500 ppm). The 2500 ppm extract had the strongest inhibitory effects on larval (89%) and pupal (20%) weight as well as the highest mortality (80%). The positive control, methyl parathion (Methyl Parathion®) at 1%, eliminated 100% of the fall armyworm, and the negative control (artificial diet) had a mortality of only 5%. Chemical fractionation of F. petiolaris stem and bark extract produced five fractions of FpR1-5, each of which was evaluated at 250, 500, 750, 1000, and 1250 ppm. FpR4 presented the strongest inhibitory effect, reducing the weight of the larva and pupa by 35% and 18%, while FpR2 had the strongest insecticidal effect, with 90% mortality at 1250 ppm. The pure 8-Methoxypsoralen compound extracted from this fraction was even more effective, with 100% S. frugiperda mortality at 100 ppm. The 50% lethal concentration (LC50) of 8-Methoxypsoralen was 67.68 ppm. Our results indicate that the F. petiolaris extract showed toxic activity against the fall armyworm, and its compound 8-Methoxypsoralen showed strong insecticidal activity at low concentrations.
