Impact of exercise programs on body mass index and waist circumference of individuals with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: a systematic review with meta-analysis
Miguel Jacinto,
Diogo Monteiro,
Raul Antunes,
Maria João Campos,
José Pedro Ferreira,
Rui Matos
Affiliations
Miguel Jacinto
University of Coimbra – Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal; Life Quality Research Centre (CIEQV), 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal; ESECS—Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
Diogo Monteiro
ESECS – Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal; Life Quality Research Centre (CIEQV), 2040-413 Leiria, Portugal; Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
Raul Antunes
ESECS – Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal; Life Quality Research Centre (CIEQV), 2040-413 Leiria, Portugal; Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
Maria João Campos
University of Coimbra, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal; Research Center for Sport and Physical Activity (CIDAF)
José Pedro Ferreira
University of Coimbra, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal; Research Center for Sport and Physical Activity (CIDAF)
Rui Matos
University of Coimbra, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal; Research Center for Sport and Physical Activity (CIDAF)
The global impact of physical activity and physical exercise on body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) in people with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD), is not known, nor is the most effective type of exercise training for promoting these variables. The aim of this study was to assess the magnitude of the effect of physical exercise on BMI and WC in individuals with IDD through a systematic review with meta-analysis. Nine manuscripts met the eligibility criteria for the study. For BMI, the Z-value was Z=-2.176 and p=0.03. The highest magnitude of the effect was from the intervention with combined training showed the highest magnitude of effect (difference in means: -0.399, with a value of Z=-1.815 and p=0.07). For WC, the Z-value is Z=-3.306 and p=0.001. The intervention with continuous cardiorespiratory training showed the highest magnitude of effect (difference in means: -0.786, with a value of Z=-2.793 and p=0.005). Regular physical exercise seems to prevent an increase in BMI and WC in individuals with IDD. Similarly, the prescription of aerobic exercise seems to be more effective in promoting WC and the prescription of combined exercise in promoting BMI.
