Heavy metal ion detection using green precursor derived carbon dots
Simei Darinel Torres Landa,
Naveen Kumar Reddy Bogireddy,
Inderbir Kaur,
Vandana Batra,
Vivechana Agarwal
Affiliations
Simei Darinel Torres Landa
Center for Research Engineering and Applied Sciences, Autonomous State University of Morelos (CIICAp-UAEM), Av. Univ. 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico
Naveen Kumar Reddy Bogireddy
Center for Research Engineering and Applied Sciences, Autonomous State University of Morelos (CIICAp-UAEM), Av. Univ. 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico; Physics Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico (IF-UNAM), Distrito Federal C.P. 04510, México
Inderbir Kaur
Department of Electronics, Bhaskaracharya College of Applied Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi 110075, India
Vandana Batra
Department of Physics, Bhaskaracharya College of Applied Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi 110075, India
Vivechana Agarwal
Center for Research Engineering and Applied Sciences, Autonomous State University of Morelos (CIICAp-UAEM), Av. Univ. 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico; Corresponding author
Summary: The discovery of carbon dots (CDs) for environmental remediation has gained awareness because of the diverse economically viable and environmental friendly green precursors generated from biowastes and biomass compared to the toxic inorganic quantum dots and CDs prepared from chemical precursors. This review presents the recent progress in green CDs, including their synthesis methods and sensing applications for the detection of heavy metal ions such as Iron (III), Mercury (II), Copper (II), Chromium (VI), Lead (II), Arsenic (III), Cobalt (II), Aluminum (III), Silver (I), and Gold (III) which are prominent environmental pollutants. The comparison based on selectivity, sensitivity, quantum yield, detection limit, linear concentration range, and sensing mechanisms are also reported. This review also covers the performance of doped green CDs using heteroatoms, toward the detection of heavy metal ions. Apart from the future perspectives, this review provides a general guide to use such environmental friendly CDs to detect harmful pollutants.
