International Journal of Nanomedicine (Sep 2021)
The Significance of Exosomes in Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer
Abstract
Zhao Jing,1 Kai Chen,2 Ling Gong3 1Department of Oncology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Infectious Disease (Liver Diseases), The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Zhao JingDepartment of Oncology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-571-88091118Email [email protected]: Esophageal cancer is one of the most common malignancy in China with high mortality. Understanding pathogenesis and identifying early diagnosis biomarkers can significantly improve the prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer. Exosomes are small vesicular structures containing a variety of components (including DNA, RNA, and proteins) mediating cell-to-cell material exchange and signal communication. Growing evidences have shown that exosomes and its components are involved in growth, metastasis and angiogenesis in cancer, and could also be used as diagnostic and prognostic markers. In this review, we summarized recent progress to elucidate the significance of exosomes in the esophageal cancer progression, microenvironment remodeling, therapeutic resistance, and immunosuppression. We also discuss the utility of exosomes as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic tool in esophageal cancer.Keywords: exosome, esophageal cancer, biomarkers, liquid biopsy, prognosis
