From learning to launching: investigating the effect of education, opportunity as extended TPB framework with support system as moderating variable

Abstract

Entrepreneurship is a vital economic engine, but Indonesia's entrepreneurial rate is lower than other ASEAN nations, prompting government intervention to encourage student entrepreneurship. Due to the uncertainty, resource constraints, and diverse abilities required to start and run a business, many students are hesitant to pursue entrepreneurship. This study examines how entrepreneurial education activity promotes business opportunity recognition, perceived behavioral control, and entrepreneurial attitudes, which impact entrepreneurial intention and action using the Theory of Planned action framework. This study also examines how perceived university and government assistance might bridge the gap between student entrepreneurship intention and behavior. Using judgmental sampling, data from 483 Indonesian student entrepreneurs were collected online and analyzed using PLS-SEM for hypothesis and moderation testing. The findings indicate that entrepreneurial education activity improves business opportunity identification, perceived behavioral control, and entrepreneurial attitudes. Entrepreneurial attitude enhances both entrepreneurial intention and behavior, whereas perceived behavioral control has a direct impact on entrepreneurial behavior. Recognizing business opportunities emerges as a strong motivation for entrepreneurial behaviour. Furthermore, perceived university support positively influences entrepreneurial behavior, whereas government support positively moderates the association between intention and behavior. These results highlight the significance of education and institutional support in developing student entrepreneurship.

Keywords

• Entrepreneurial education activity
• business opportunity recognition
• theory of planned behaviour
• entrepreneurial behaviour
• entrepreneurial intention
• higher education