Outcome of delivery among HIV-Positive women that attended the antenatal clinic at the University of Benin teaching hospital, Benin City, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been reported to be associated with several adverse pregnancy outcomes. There are limited data on the extent by which HIV-positive pregnant women in this part of the world are affected. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the pregnancy outcome of HIV-positive pregnant women who attended the antenatal clinic. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of the case notes of HIV-positive women that enrolled in the prevention of mother-to-child (PMTCT) clinic from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2020. All data collected were entered and analyzed using the IBM SPSS version 25.0 software. Results: A total of 1817 women attended the antenatal clinic and 127 (6.9%) were HIV positive and enrolled in the PMTCT program. Out of the 127 HIV-positive women, only 102 (85.0%) utilized the delivery service. HIV was found to be more common among women within the age group of 30–39 years. Majority 105 (82.6%) of the women were aware of their HIV status before index pregnancy and were on treatment, 62 (60.78%) of the women had a vaginal delivery, whereas 34 (33.3%) had a caesarean delivery. A total of 6 (4.7%) women had a miscarriage. There was no maternal death. Of these pregnancies, 7 (5.5%) were stillbirths, 18 (18.8%) were preterm deliveries, and 10 (11.2%) had a low birthweight. Conclusion: Despite antiretroviral therapy, HIV-positive pregnant women had adverse pregnancy outcomes; therefore, they should be managed with a multidisciplinary approach to ensure good maternal and fetal outcomes.

Keywords

• antiretroviral therapy
• human immunodeficiency virus infection
• pregnancy outcome
• prevalence