玉米胚芽酶法辅助低温压榨制油工艺优化Optimization of oil extraction process of enzyme-assisted cold-pressing from corn germ

Abstract

为提升粮食加工副产物玉米胚芽的综合利用价值，以玉米胚芽为原料，以出油率为指标，通过单因素试验和正交试验对玉米油的酶法辅助低温压榨法制取工艺条件进行优化，并对最优条件下制取的玉米油基本理化指标进行分析。结果表明：酶法辅助低温压榨法制取玉米油的最优工艺条件为酶解水分含量12%、纤维素酶添加量0.5%、碱性蛋白酶添加量1.0%、酶解温度45 ℃、酶解时间6 h、压榨温度60 ℃、压榨压力50 MPa、压榨时间60 min，在此条件下玉米胚芽的出油率为4189%，较常规低温压榨的出油率（39.68%)高；所制得的玉米油澄清、透明，呈棕红色，理化指标基本符合三级成品玉米油国家标准。综上，酶法辅助低温压榨工艺可获得品质良好的玉米油，同时出油率较常规低温压榨法有所提高。In order to improve the comprehensive utilization value of corn germ as a by-product of grain processing, the extraction conditions of corn oil by enzyme-assisted cold-pressing method were optimized by single factor test and orthogonal test with corn germ as raw material and oil yield as index, and the basic physicochemical indexes of corn oil prepared under the optimal conditions were analyzed. The results showed that the optimal conditions for extracting corn oil by enzyme-assisted cold-pressing method were as follows: enzymatic hydrolysis water content 12%, cellulase dosage 0.5%, alkaline protease dosage 10%, enzymatic hydrolysis temperature 45 ℃,enzymatic hydrolysis time 6 h, pressing temperature 60 ℃, pressing pressure 50 MPa, and pressing time 60 min. Under these conditions, the oil yield was 41.89%, which was higher than that of conventional cold-pressing method (39.68%). The corn oil produced was clear, transparent and brown-red, and its physicochemical indexes basically met the national standard of third grade corn oil. In general, the enzyme-assisted cold-pressing method can obtain corn oil with good quality, and its oil yield is higher than that of conventional cold-pressing method.

Keywords

• 玉米胚芽；酶解；低温压榨；出油率；理化指标
• corn germ; enzymatic hydrolysis; cold-pressing; oil yield; physicochemical index